11
(6) 1 Adonai spoke to Moses [Drawn out] and to Aaron [Light-bringer], saying to them, 2 *
“Speak to the children of Israel [God prevails], saying, ‘These are the living things which you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth. 3 Whatever parts the hoof, and is cloven-footed, and chews the cud among the animals, that you may eat.
4 †
“ ‘Nevertheless these you shall not eat of those that chew the cud, or of those who part the hoof: the camel, because he chews the cud but does not have a parted hoof, he is unclean to you. 5 The cony, because he chews the cud but does not have a parted hoof, he is unclean to you. 6 The hare, because she chews the cud but does not part the hoof, she is unclean to you. 7 The pig, because he has a split hoof, and is cloven-footed, but does not chew the cud, he is unclean to you. 8 Of their meat you shall not eat, and their carcasses you shall not touch; they are unclean to you.
9 ‡
“ ‘These you may eat of all that are in the waters: whatever has fins and scales in the waters, in the seas, and in the rivers, that you may eat. 10 All that don’t have fins and scales in the seas, and in the rivers, of all that move in the waters, and of all the living creatures that are in the waters, they are detestable to you, 11 §
and you detest them. You shall not eat of their meat, and you shall detest their carcasses. 12 Whatever has no fins nor scales in the waters, that is detestable to you.
13 * “ ‘These you shall detest among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they are detestable: the eagle, and the vulture, and the black vulture, 14 and the red kite, any kind of black kite, 15 any kind of raven, 16 the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk, 17 the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18 the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey, 19 the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe, and the bat.
20 “ ‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are detestable to you. 21 †
Yet you may eat these: of all winged creeping things that go on all fours, which have legs above their feet, with which to hop on the earth. 22 Even of these you may eat: any kind of locust, any kind of katydid, any kind of cricket, and any kind of grasshopper. 23 But all winged creeping things which have four feet, are detestable to you.
24 “ ‘By these you will become unclean: whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 25 Whoever carries any part of their carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening.
26 “ ‘Every animal which parts the hoof, and is not cloven-footed, nor chews the cud, is unclean to you. Everyone who touches them shall be unclean. 27 Whatever goes on its paws, among all animals that go on all fours, they are unclean to you. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 28 He who carries their carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. They are unclean to you.
29 ‡ “ ‘These are they which are unclean to you among the creeping things that creep on the earth: the weasel, the rat, any kind of great lizard, 30 the gecko, and the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink, and the chameleon. 31 These are they which are unclean to you among all that creep. Whoever touches them when they are dead, shall be unclean until the evening. 32 On whatever any of them falls when they are dead, it shall be unclean; whether it is any vessel of wood, or clothing, or skin, or sack, whatever vessel it is, with which any work is done, it must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the evening; then it will be clean. (7) 33 Every earthen vessel, into which any of them falls, all that is in it shall be unclean, and you shall break it. 34 § All food which may be eaten, that on which water comes, shall be unclean; and all drink that may be drunk in every such vessel shall be unclean. 35 Everything where part of their carcass falls shall be unclean; whether oven, or range for pots, it shall be broken in pieces: they are unclean, and shall be unclean to you. 36 Nevertheless a spring or a cistern in which water is gathered shall be clean: but that which touches their carcass shall be unclean. 37 If part of their carcass falls on any sowing seed which is to be sown, it is clean. 38 But if water is put on the seed, and part of their carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.
39 * “ ‘If any animal, of which you may eat, dies; he who touches its carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 40 He who eats of its carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. He also who carries its carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening.
41 † “ ‘Every creeping thing that creeps on the earth is detestable. It shall not be eaten. 42 ‡ Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, even all creeping things that creep on the earth, them you shall not eat; for they are detestable. 43 § You shall not make yourselves detestable with any creeping thing that creeps. You shall not make yourselves unclean with them, that you should be defiled thereby. 44 For I am Adonai your God. Sanctify yourselves therefore, and be holy; for I am holy. *
You shall not defile yourselves with any kind of creeping thing that moves on the earth. (Maftir ·Conclusion·) 45 For I am Adonai who brought you up out of the land of Egypt [Abode of slavery], to be your God. You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy. †
46 “ ‘This is the Torah ·Teaching· of the animal, and of the bird, and of every living creature that moves in the waters, and of every creature that creeps on the earth, 47 to make a distinction between the unclean and the clean, and between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten.’ ”
Haftarah Sh'mini ·Taking leave· ·Eighth·:
Sh'mu'el Bet / 2 Samuel 6:1-7:17 (A); 6:1-19 (S)
B'rit Hadashah ·New Covenant·: Mark 9:2-13
* 11:2 . Lev 11:2 (Lev 11:1-3, 11:1-8, 11:44-45; Deut 14:4-6) (#3.198): T. To examine and identify the land animals that are kosher ·clean· for you to eat and their identifying signs / R. To examine the signs of land animals to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher Directive: Qualifications of Kosher ·Clean· animals, they have both a separate hoof that is completely divided and chews cud / Note: It is a fact, no carnivore, only meat eating, is kosher ·clean· to eat where as a few omnivores, eats meat and plants, are kosher ·clean· for food † 11:4 . Lev 11:4 (Lev 11:1-3, 11:1-8, 11:44-45; Deut 14:4-6) (#3.199): Not to eat treif ·unclean· land animals Directive: Qualification: These animals do not chew the cud and / or do not have a split hoof ‡ 11:9 . Lev 11:9 (Lev 11:44-45; Deut 14:9) (#3.200): The fish that are kosher ·clean· for you and their identifying signs Directive: Qualification: kosher fish have both fins and scales § 11:11 . Lev 11:11 (Lev 11:10-12, 11:44-45; Deut 14:10) (#3.201): Not to eat treif ·unclean· fish Directive: Qualification: These animals might live in a river or ocean, but do not have both fins and scales * 11:13 . Lev 11:13 (Lev 11:13-19, 11:44-45; Deut 14:11-18) (#3.202): Not to eat treif ·unclean· fowl of the air † 11:21 . Lev 11:21 (Lev 11:20-23, 11:29-31, 11:44-45; Deut 14:19-20) (#3.203): The locust ·winged swarming creatures on four legs· that are kosher ·clean· for you and their identifying signs Directive: Treif ·Unclean· locust are winged swarming creatures that walk on all four legs, with one exception, kosher ·clean· locust are winged with four legs and have joints above the feet that enable them to jump off the ground. Kosher ·Clean· swarming four legged creatures includes: all kinds of locusts, grasshoppers, katydids, and crickets ‡ 11:29 . Lev 11:29 (Lev 11:29-31, 11:29-38, 11:44-45) (#3.204): Eight species of creeping animals that swarm on the ground that are treif ·unclean· to eat § 11:34 . Lev 11:34 (Lev 11:32-38, 11:44-45) (#3.205): T. If clean foods or utensils for food preparation are contaminated by something treif ·unclean·, it thus becomes treif ·unclean· also / R. Observe the laws of impurity concerning liquid and solid foods * 11:39 . Lev 11:39 (Lev 11:32, 11:39-40, 11:44-45, 11:24-25) (#3.206): T. “If any animal, of which you may eat, dies; he who touches its carcass shall be treif ·unclean· until the evening” (v39) / R. That anyone who touches an animal that died of itself, that is not of slaughter, is treif ·unclean· † 11:41 . Lev 11:41 (Lev 11:41-43, 11:44-45) (#3.207): Not to eat any animal that creeps upon the earth ‡ 11:42 . Lev 11:42 (Lev 11:41-43, 11:44-45) (#3.208): T. Not to eat any animal, that moves on its belly on the ground, walks on all fours, walks on many feet, or has many legs / R. Not to eat a worm found in fruit once it has come out into the air § 11:43 . Lev 11:43 (Lev 11:41-43, 11:44-45) (#3.209): T. This command is not found in the straightforward text, it is implied / R. Not to eat things that swarm in the water (other than fish) * 11:44 . Lev 11:44 (Lev 11:43-45, 11:44-45) (#3.210): T. Not to eat things that swarm upon the ground / R. Not to eat treif ·unclean· maggots R. Note: According to the Rabbis only certain “worms” are permitted for food. Worms that do not live in an isolated condition, but are found only in other substances. For instance, the maggots in meat, fruit, fish, drinking water, etc. (HuLev 67a, b) † 11:45 . (44-45) Quoted in 1 Pet 1:16