2 Chronicles 35
Overview
35:1 Josiah keeps a most solemn passover;
35:20 He provoking Pharaoh-necho, is slain at Megiddo;
35:25 Lamentations for Josiah. Verse 1 JosiahThe whole solemnity was performed with great exactness according to the law, and upon that account there was none like it since Samuel's time; for even in Hezekiah's passover there were several irregularities. Bp. Patrick observes, that in this also it exceeded the other passovers which preceding things had kept, that though Josiah was by no means so rich as David, or Solomon, or Jehoshaphat, yet he furnished the congregation with beasts for sacrifice, both paschal and eucharistical, at his own proper cost and charge, which was more than any king ever did before. 2 Chronicles 30:1-27; 2 Kings 23:21-23 the fourteenth Exodus 12:6; Numbers 9:3; Deuteronomy 16:1-8; Ezra 6:19; Ezekiel 45:21
Josiah's solemnization of the passover, which is merely alluded to at 2 Kings 23:21, is very particularly related her, while the destruction of idolatry is largely related in the Kings, and here only touched upon. The feasts of the Lord God, appointed by the ceremonial law, were very numerous; but the passover was the chief. It was the first which was solemnized in the night wherein Israel came out of Egypt, and ushered in those which were afterwards instituted, and it was the last great feast which was held in the night wherein Christ was betrayed, before the vail of the temple was rent in twain. Be means of this feast, both Josiah and Hezekiah revived religion in their day.Reciprocal Numbers 9:2 - his appointed; Jeremiah 3:10 - Judah; Matthew 1:10 - Josias Verse 2 charges 2 Chronicles 23:8, 23:18, 31:2; Numbers 18:5-7; 1 Chronicles 24:1-31; Ezra 6:18 encouraged 2 Chronicles 29:5-11, 31:2; 1 Chronicles 22:19 Reciprocal Joshua 3:8 - command; 2 Kings 12:4 - said to the priests Verse 3 the Levites 2 Chronicles 17:8, 17:9, 30:22; Deuteronomy 33:10; Nehemiah 8:7, 8:8; Malachi 2:7 Put 2 Chronicles 8:11, 34:14 in the house 5:7 not be Numbers 4:15-49; 1 Chronicles 23:26 serve now Numbers 8:19, 16:9, 16:10; 2 Corinthians 4:5 Reciprocal 2 Kings 23:22 - of the kings; 1 Chronicles 15:2 - None ought to; 23:28 - purifying; 2 Chronicles 17:7 - to teach; 30:17 - the Levites; Nehemiah 8:9 - the Levites Verse 4 the houses 1 Chronicles 9:10-34; Nehemiah 11:10-20 after your coursesThe regulations formed by David, and established by Solomon, concerning the courses of the priests and Levites, were committed to writing, and preserved, for them to refer to continually. Josiah, as well as Hezekiah, required the priests and Levites to attend to their several duties, and encouraged them therein, but he neither added, altered, not retrenched anything: he merely enforced what had been established in the law, and in the regulations made by David and the contemporary prophets: "the commandment of the king....was by the word of the Lord." 1 Chronicles 23:1-26:32 and according 2 Chronicles 8:14 Reciprocal 5:11 - wait by course; 35:10 - the priests; Ezra 6:18 - the priests Verse 5 And stand Psalm 134:1, 135:2 families of the fathersHeb. house of the fatherspeopleHeb. sons of the people.Reciprocal Exodus 12:21 - and take; 2 Chronicles 35:10 - the priests; Ezra 6:18 - the priests Verse 6 So kill 2 Chronicles 30:15-17; Exodus 12:6, 12:21, 12:22; Ezra 6:20, 6:21 sanctify 2 Chronicles 29:5, 29:15, 29:34, 30:3, 30:15-19; Genesis 35:2; Exodus 19:10, 19:15; Numbers 19:11-20; Job 1:5; Psalm 51:7; Joel 2:16; Habakkuk 3:1, 3:1 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 15:12 - sanctify Verse 7 Josiah 2 Chronicles 7:8-10, 30:24; Isaiah 32:8; Ezekiel 45:17 gaveHeb. offered, 1 Kings 8:63 thirty thousandAccording to the calculation, that not fewer than ten, nor more than twenty persons, were to join for one kid or lamb, the numbers given on this occasion would suffice for above 400,000 persons.the king's substance 8:63; 1 Chronicles 29:3 Reciprocal Exodus 12:3 - lamb; Leviticus 23:38 - and beside; Deuteronomy 16:2 - sacrifice; 2 Samuel 6:19 - he dealt; 1 Chronicles 16:3 - to every one; 2 Chronicles 7:5 - a sacrifice; Jeremiah 22:15 - eat; Ezekiel 36:38 - as the flock; Mark 12:44 - cast in of Verse 8 his princes 2 Chronicles 29:31-33; 1 Chronicles 29:6-9, 29:17; Ezra 1:6, 2:68, 2:69, 7:16, 8:25-35; Nehemiah 7:70-72; Psalm 45:12; Acts 2:44, 2:45, 4:34, 4:35 gaveHeb. offeredwillingly 2 Corinthians 8:12, 9:7 Hilkiah 2 Chronicles 34:14-20 rulers 1 Chronicles 9:20, 24:4, 24:5; Jeremiah 29:25, 29:26; Acts 4:1, 5:26 Reciprocal Leviticus 23:38 - and beside; Numbers 7:2 - offered; 8:22 - after that; 2 Samuel 6:19 - he dealt; 1 Chronicles 6:13 - Hilkiah; 16:3 - to every one; 2 Chronicles 30:24 - did give; Jeremiah 20:1 - chief; 22:15 - eat; Ezekiel 45:17 - the prince's; Mark 12:44 - cast in of; John 18:28 - eat Verse 9 gaveHeb. offered, Isaiah 1:10-15; Jeremiah 3:10, 7:21-28; Micah 6:6-8
Verse 10 the priests 2 Chronicles 35:4, 35:5, 30:16; Ezra 6:18 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 23:6 - divided; 2 Chronicles 8:14 - the Levites; Ezekiel 44:11 - shall slay; Matthew 26:19 - and they Verse 11 the priests 2 Chronicles 29:22-24, 30:16; Leviticus 1:5, 1:6; Numbers 18:3, 18:7; Habakkuk 3:1, 3:1 flayed them 2 Chronicles 29:34 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 23:28 - purifying; Ezra 6:20 - killed; Ezekiel 44:11 - shall slay; Matthew 26:19 - and they Verse 12 as it is written Leviticus 3:3, 3:5, 3:9-11, 3:14-16 Reciprocal Joshua 8:31 - as it is; 2 Samuel 6:19 - he dealt; Jeremiah 22:15 - eat Verse 13 roasted Exodus 12:8, 12:9; Deuteronomy 16:7; Psalm 22:14; Lamentations 1:12, 1:13 sod Leviticus 6:28; Numbers 6:19; 1 Samuel 2:13-15 divided them speedilyHeb. made them run, Romans 12:11 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 6:19 - he dealt; Ezekiel 46:20 - boil the trespass Verse 14 because the priests Acts 6:2-4 Reciprocal Leviticus 3:5 - Aaron's Verse 15 placeHeb. stationaccording 2 Chronicles 29:25, 29:26; 1 Chronicles 16:41, 16:42, 23:5, 25:1-7; Psalm 77:1, 78:1, 79:1 *titlesthe porters 1 Chronicles 9:17-19, 26:14-19 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 20:26 - chief ruler; 1 Chronicles 2:6 - Heman; 6:32 - and then; 6:39 - Asaph; 9:16 - Obadiah; 2 Chronicles 30:16 - they stood; Ezra 3:10 - the sons of Asaph Verse 16 Reciprocal Genesis 45:21 - commandment Verse 17 presentHeb. foundthe feast 2 Chronicles 30:21-23; Exodus 12:15-20, 13:6, 13:7, 23:15, 34:18; Leviticus 23:5-8; Numbers 28:16-25; Deuteronomy 16:3, 16:4, 16:8; 1 Corinthians 5:7, 5:8 Reciprocal Ezra 6:22 - the feast; Isaiah 17:7 - General; John 18:28 - eat Verse 18 there was no passoverNot one on purer principles, more heartily joined in by the people present, more literally or exactly consecrated, according to the law, or more religiously observed. The words do not refer to the number present, but to the manner and spirit. 2 Chronicles 30:5; 2 Kings 23:21-23 neither did 2 Chronicles 30:26, 30:27 Reciprocal Leviticus 23:5 - General; 2 Kings 23:22 - Surely; 2 Chronicles 21:2 - Israel; Nehemiah 8:17 - done so; Ecclesiastes 2:21 - whose; Isaiah 17:7 - General; John 18:28 - eat Verse 19 Reciprocal Leviticus 23:5 - General; 2 Kings 23:22 - Surely Verse 20 am templeHeb. houseNechoPharaoh, the lame, says the Targumist. 2 Kings 23:29, 23:30, Pharaoh-necho, Jeremiah 46:2-12 Charchemish Isaiah 10:9
Verse 21 What 2 Samuel 16:10; Matthew 8:29; John 2:4 house wherewith I have warHeb. house of my warGod 2 Kings 18:25; Isaiah 36:10 forbear thee 2 Chronicles 25:19 Reciprocal 1 Kings 17:18 - What have I; 2 Kings 14:10 - why shouldest; 2 Chronicles 35:22 - the mouth; Jeremiah 46:2 - Pharaohnecho Verse 22 NeverthelessJosiah's conduct in this affair has been treated with great severity; and he has been charged with engaging rashly in an unjust war, and disregarding the express command of God. But Scripture no where condemns him; and Pharaoh, in marching through Josiah's territories, against his will, certainly committed an act of hostility. It is evident that Josiah was in possession of the whole land of Israel - 2 Chronicles 26:6
and probably he held the northern parts of it as a grant from the king of Babylon; and was not only in alliance with him, but bound to guard his frontiers against hostile invaders. He may, therefore, be fairly justified from the charge of unjustly meddling in a war that did not belong him. It is true the ambassadors assured Josiah, that "God had commanded Pharaoh to make haste;" and he is therefore said not to have "hearkened to the words of Necho, from the mouth of God." But Necho produced no proof that he was a prophet of Jehovah; and the word he employed, elohim, may denote gods or idols; and critics have noticed that the expression, "from the mouth of God," is not used when the true God is meant.but disguised 18:29; 1 Kings 14:2, 22:30, 22:34 the mouth 2 Chronicles 35:21, 18:4-6; Joshua 9:14 Megiddo Judges 5:19; 2 Kings 9:27, 23:30; Zechariah 12:11, Megiddon, Revelation 16:16, ArmageddonReciprocal Joshua 17:11 - Megiddo; 1 Kings 9:15 - Megiddo; 22:12 - Go up; 1 Chronicles 7:29 - Megiddo; 2 Chronicles 36:12 - the mouth Verse 23 the archers 2 Chronicles 18:33; Genesis 49:23; 2 Kings 9:24; Lamentations 3:13 woundedHeb. made sick, 1 Kings 22:34; 2 Kings 8:29 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 18:29 - the king; Jeremiah 22:10 - Weep ye Verse 24 the second Genesis 41:43 they 2 Kings 23:30 died Psalm 36:6; Ecclesiastes 8:14, 9:1, 9:2 in one of theor, among the, 2 Chronicles 34:28 Judah Zechariah 12:11 Reciprocal Genesis 27:41 - The days; Numbers 20:29 - General; 2 Kings 9:28 - General; 2 Chronicles 16:14 - his own sepulchres; Isaiah 57:1 - righteous Verse 25 Jeremiah Jeremiah 22:10; Lamentations 4:20 all the singing Job 3:8; Ecclesiastes 12:5; Jeremiah 9:17-21; Matthew 9:23 and made them Jeremiah 22:20 Reciprocal Genesis 23:2 - mourn; Numbers 20:29 - General; 2 Samuel 1:17 - lamented; Isaiah 22:12 - call; Jeremiah 4:21 - shall I; 22:18 - They; Ezekiel 19:1 - the princes; 28:12 - take up; 32:16 - General; Micah 2:4 - and lament; Acts 8:2 - made Verse 26 goodnessHeb. kindness, 2 Chronicles 31:20, 32:32 Reciprocal 34:14 - the law Verse 27 deeds 2 Chronicles 20:34, 24:27, 25:26, 26:22, 32:32, 33:19; 2 Kings 10:34, 16:19, 20:20; 21:25 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 16:11 - Judah; Ezra 6:19 - kept; Jeremiah 1:2 - in the days; Zephaniah 1:1 - in the days; Matthew 25:16 - went