Ezra 10
Overview
10:1 Ezra encouraged to reform the strange marriages;
10:6 Ezra assembles the people;
10:9 The people repent, and promise amendment;
10:15 The care to perform it;
10:18 The names of them which had married strange wives. Verse 1 when Ezra Daniel 9:3, 9:4, 9:20; Acts 10:30 when he had Leviticus 26:40, 26:41; Psalm 32:5; Hosea 14:2; 1 John 1:8-10 weeping Psalm 119:136; Jeremiah 9:1, 13:17; Zechariah 12:10; Luke 19:41; Romans 9:2 before the house 1 Kings 8:30, 9:3; 2 Chronicles 20:9 a very great Deuteronomy 31:12; 2 Chronicles 20:13; Nehemiah 10:28; Joel 2:16-18; Acts 21:5 very soreHeb. a great weeping, Judges 2:4, 2:5; Nehemiah 8:9 Reciprocal Leviticus 16:21 - confess over; Joshua 8:35 - women; 1 Samuel 30:4 - lifted up; 2 Kings 22:19 - wept; Nehemiah 1:4 - I sat down; 13:8 - it grieved; Isaiah 38:3 - wept; Luke 7:38 - weeping; Acts 5:14 - multitudes; 20:37 - wept; 1 Corinthians 5:2 - mourned; 12:21 - General; 2 Corinthians 12:21 - that I Verse 2 Shechaniah Ezra 10:26; Nehemiah 3:29 Elam Ezra 2:7, 2:31; Nehemiah 7:12, 7:34 We have trespassedShechaniah here speaks in the name of the people, not acknowledging himself culpable; for he is not in the following list., Compare, James 2:9; Exodus 34:12; Nehemiah 13:27 yet now there is hope Exodus 34:6, 34:7; Isaiah 55:6, 55:7; Jeremiah 3:12, 3:13; 1 John 1:7-9 Reciprocal Exodus 18:24 - General; Leviticus 5:19 - trespassed; 1 Kings 11:2 - Ye shall not go in; Nehemiah 2:17 - come; Proverbs 27:9 - so; Malachi 2:10 - by; 2:11 - and hath; Acts 27:22 - I exhort; 1 Corinthians 7:12 - If Verse 3 let us makeNichrath berith, "let us cut a covenant:" Deuteronomy 29:12; Joshua 9:6; 2 Kings 11:17; 2 Chronicles 29:10, 34:31, 34:32; Nehemiah 9:38; 10:29-39 put awayHeb. bring forthaccording to the counsel 2 Chronicles 30:12 of those that Ezra 9:4; 2 Chronicles 34:21, 34:27; Psalm 119:59, 119:120; Isaiah 66:2; Ezekiel 9:4 at the commandment Deuteronomy 7:2, 7:3; Joshua 23:12, 23:13 let it Nehemiah 8:14, 13:1-3; Isaiah 8:20
Shechaniah's counsel, which he was then so clear in, will not hold now: such marriages, it is certain, are contrary to the will of God, and ought not to be made; but they are not null. Our rule under the gospel is Quod fieri non debuit, factum valet, "That which ought not to have been done must, when done, abide." See note on 1 Corinthians 7:12, 7:13 Reciprocal 2 Kings 23:3 - made a covenant; 2 Chronicles 23:16 - made a covenant; Ezra 10:5 - made; 10:12 - so must we do; Proverbs 13:13 - he; Malachi 2:10 - by; Acts 24:25 - Felix; Philippians 2:12 - with Verse 4 Arise Joshua 7:10-26; 1 Chronicles 22:16, 22:19; Ecclesiastes 9:10 for this matterBy the decree of Artaxerxes, Ezra was authorised to do every thing that the law of God required. Ezra 7:23-28; Mark 13:34 we also will Joshua 1:16-18; 1 Chronicles 28:10, 28:21 be of good Isaiah 35:3, 35:4; Habakkuk 3:1, 3:1, 3:1 Reciprocal Genesis 42:1 - Why do ye; Exodus 14:15 - General; Joshua 1:18 - only be; 1 Chronicles 19:13 - of good; Ezra 10:12 - so must we do Verse 5 arose Proverbs 1:5, 9:9, 15:23, 25:11, 25:12, 27:9 made Ezra 10:3; Nehemiah 5:12, 10:29, 13:25; Matthew 26:63 Reciprocal Exodus 14:15 - General; 18:24 - General; Matthew 2:4 - the chief Verse 6 the chamber Nehemiah 13:5 Johanan 3:1, 3:20, 12:10, 12:22, 13:28 he did eat Deuteronomy 9:18; Job 23:12; John 4:31-34 he mourned Ezra 9:4; Isaiah 22:12; Daniel 9:3 Reciprocal Numbers 25:6 - weeping; Psalm 102:4 - so that; 119:53 - horror; Isaiah 58:5 - it such Verse 7 they made Ezra 1:1; 2 Chronicles 30:5 Reciprocal 14:4 - commanded; Ezra 4:1 - children of the captivity; Daniel 5:13 - the children Verse 8 And that whosoever Ezra 7:26; Judges 21:5; 1 Samuel 11:7 forfeitedHeb. devoted, Leviticus 27:28; Joshua 6:19 himself separated Nehemiah 13:3; Matthew 18:17; John 9:22, 9:34, 16:2; 1 Corinthians 5:13 Reciprocal Leviticus 27:21 - devoted; Deuteronomy 17:12 - will do; Joshua 6:17 - accursed; Ezra 9:1 - the princes Verse 9 the ninth monthThat is, some time in December, which is the coldest and most rainy time of the year in Palestine. Dr. Russel, in his account of the weather at Aleppo, which very much resembles that in Judea, says, that the natives reckon the severity of the winter, which they call marbania, to last but forty days, beginning from the 12th of December, and ending the 20th of January, and that this computation comes in fact very near the truth, and that the air during this time is excessively piercing, even to those that are just come from a cold climate. Ezra 7:8, 7:9; Esther 2:16 trembling 1 Samuel 12:17, 12:18; Jeremiah 10:10, 10:13 great rainHeb. showersReciprocal Exodus 1:1 - General; 2 Chronicles 32:6 - in the street; Job 37:6 - great; 37:13 - whether; Acts 24:25 - Felix; 28:2 - because; 2 Corinthians 7:15 - with Verse 10 takenHeb. caused to dwell, or, brought backto increase Ezra 9:6; Numbers 32:14; Joshua 22:17, 22:18; 2 Chronicles 28:13; Matthew 23:32 Reciprocal Joshua 7:19 - make; Ezra 9:1 - have not separated; Nehemiah 10:30 - General; 13:23 - married; Jeremiah 5:6 - because; 2 Timothy 2:16 - for Verse 11 make confession Leviticus 26:40-42; Joshua 7:19; Psalm 32:5; Proverbs 28:13; Jeremiah 3:13; 1 John 1:7-9 do his Isaiah 1:16-18, 56:4; Romans 12:2; Colossians 1:10; Habakkuk 3:1 separate Ezra 9:1; Nehemiah 13:3; 2 Corinthians 6:17 and from the Deuteronomy 7:3, 7:4; 1 Corinthians 2:12-14 Reciprocal Leviticus 5:5 - confess; 2 Chronicles 30:22 - and making; Nehemiah 1:6 - confess; 9:2 - the seed; 10:28 - all they; 1 Corinthians 7:12 - If Verse 12 As thou hast saidThey all resolved to do what Ezra had commanded; and they did put away their wives, even those by whom they had children - Ezra 10:44
each of whom doubtless received a portion according to the circumstances of her husband, and was not turned away desolate. Humanity must have dictated this, and no law of God is contrary to humanity.so must we do 10:3, 10:4; Nehemiah 13:23; Psalm 78:37, 78:57 Reciprocal Leviticus 5:5 - confess; Nehemiah 5:12 - We will restore Verse 13 the people Ezra 10:18-44; Matthew 7:13, 7:14 we are many that have transgressed in this thingor, we have greatly offended in this thingReciprocal Job 37:6 - great Verse 14 our rulers Deuteronomy 17:9, 17:18, 17:19; 2 Chronicles 19:5-7 the fierce Numbers 25:4; Deuteronomy 13:17; Joshua 7:26; 2 Chronicles 29:10, 30:8; Psalm 78:38; Isaiah 12:1 for this matter be turned from usor, be turned from us, till this matter be dispatched.Reciprocal Exodus 32:12 - Turn from; 2 Chronicles 28:11 - the fierce Verse 15 were employedHeb. stoodMeshullam Nehemiah 3:6, 10:20, 12:33 Shabbethai 11:16
Verse 16 to examine the matter Deuteronomy 13:14; Job 29:16; John 7:51 Reciprocal Ezra 4:1 - children of the captivity; Daniel 5:13 - the children Verse 17 am the first dayThe cases brought before the council were either so many, or so complicated, that, though they separated themselves from other employments, yet they were three whole months in examining into their affairs, and making the necessary separations required by the law. Ezra 10:17
Verse 18 the sons Ezra 9:1; Leviticus 21:7, 21:13-15; 1 Samuel 2:22-24; Nehemiah 13:28; Jeremiah 23:11, 23:14; Ezekiel 44:22; Malachi 2:8, 2:9; 1 Timothy 3:11 Jeshua Ezra 2:2, 3:2, 5:2; 1 Chronicles 6:14, 6:15; Nehemiah 12:10; Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 3:1, JoshuaMaaseiah Nehemiah 8:4, 8:7 Reciprocal Leviticus 16:6 - for himself; Ezra 9:2 - taken of their; 10:13 - the people; 10:25 - Moreover of Israel; Malachi 2:12 - the master and the scholar Verse 19 gave their handsThey bound themselves in the most solemn manner to do as the rest of the delinquents had done, and make and acknowledgment to God of their iniquity, by offering each a ram for a trespass offering. 2 Kings 10:15; 1 Chronicles 29:24; 2 Chronicles 30:8 *marg. Lamentations 5:6; Galatians 2:9 a ram Leviticus 5:15, 5:16, 6:4, 6:6 Reciprocal 4:13 - and are guilty; 9:3 - Take ye; 16:6 - for himself; Malachi 2:12 - the master and the scholar; 2 Corinthians 6:14 - unequally Verse 20 Immer Ezra 2:37; 1 Chronicles 24:14; Nehemiah 7:40
Verse 21 Harim Ezra 2:39; 1 Chronicles 24:8; Nehemiah 7:42 Reciprocal Ezra 8:16 - Shemaiah; Nehemiah 10:8 - Shemaiah Verse 22 Pashur Ezra 2:38; 1 Chronicles 9:12; Nehemiah 7:41 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 2:39 - General; Nehemiah 8:7 - Maaseiah Verse 23 Jozabad Ezra 8:33; Nehemiah 11:16 Kelita 10:10 Reciprocal Ezra 10:25 - Moreover of Israel; Nehemiah 8:7 - Kelita Verse 24 Reciprocal Ezra 10:25 - Moreover of Israel Verse 25 Moreover of IsraelThat is, as Calmet observes, simple Israelites; thus distinguished from the priests, Levites, and singers, mentioned in Ezra 10:18, 10:23, 10:24.sons of Parosh 2:3; Nehemiah 7:8
Verse 26 Elam Ezra 10:2, 2:7, 2:31, 8:7; Nehemiah 7:12, 7:34 Jehiel Ezra 10:2
Verse 27 Zattu Ezra 2:8; Nehemiah 7:13
Verse 28 Bebai Ezra 2:11, 8:11; Nehemiah 7:16 Reciprocal 7:31 - Michmas; 10:15 - Azgad Verse 29 Bani Ezra 2:10; Nehemiah 7:15, BinnuiMalluch 10:4 Reciprocal Ezra 10:34 - Bani; Nehemiah 8:4 - Meshullam Verse 30 Pahathmoab Ezra 2:6, 8:4; Nehemiah 7:11
Verse 31 Harim Ezra 2:32; Nehemiah 7:35 MalchiahThis variation only exists in the translation, the original being uniformly Malchijah, or rather, Malkeeyah. 3:11, MalchijahReciprocal 6:10 - Shemaiah; 7:42 - Harim Verse 33 Hashum Ezra 2:19; Nehemiah 7:22 Reciprocal 8:4 - Hashum Verse 34 Bani Ezra 10:29 Reciprocal 2:10 - Bani Verse 39 Reciprocal Ezra 8:16 - Nathan Verse 40 Machnadebaior, Mabnadebai, according to some copies
Verse 43 Nebo Ezra 2:29; Nehemiah 7:33
Verse 44 strange wives Proverbs 2:16, 5:3, 5:20 and some of themThis observation was probably intended to shew that only a few of them had children, and also how rigorously the law was put in execution. According to a passage in Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho, a Jew, Ezra offered a paschal lamb on this occasion, and addressed the people thus: "And Ezra said to the people, This pass-over is our Saviour and our Refuge; and if ye will be persuaded of it, and let it enter into your hearts, that we are to humble to Him in a sign, and afterwards shall believe in Him, this place shall not be destroyed forever, saith the Lord of hosts; but, if ye will not believe in Him, nor hearken to his preaching, ye shall be a laughing-stock to the Gentiles." This was probably a marginal note added by some early Christian.Reciprocal Ezra 7:1 - Ezra; 10:12 - As thou hast said; Nehemiah 13:23 - married