1 Chronicles 19
Overview
19:1 David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun, the son of Nahash, are villainously treated;
19:6 The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, are overcome by Joab and Abishai;
19:16 Shophach, making a new supply of the Syrians, is slain by David. Verse 1 Nahash 1 Samuel 11:1, 11:2, 12:12; 2 Samuel 10:1-3
Verse 2 I will show 1 Samuel 30:26; 2 Samuel 9:1, 9:7; 2 Kings 4:13; Esther 6:3; Ecclesiastes 9:15 the children Genesis 19:37, 19:38; Deuteronomy 23:3-6; Nehemiah 4:3, 4:7, 13:1 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 20:3 - And he Verse 3 but the princes 1 Samuel 29:4, 29:9; 1 Kings 12:8-11 Thinkest thou that DavidHeb. In thine eyes doth David, 1 Corinthians 13:5-7 to search Genesis 42:9-18; Joshua 2:1-3; Judges 1:23, 1:24, 18:2, 18:8-10 Reciprocal Joshua 2:3 - to search; 2 Samuel 10:4 - and shaved Verse 4 took David's Psalm 35:12, 109:4, 109:5 shaved them Leviticus 19:27; Isaiah 15:2; Jeremiah 41:5, 48:37 and cut Isaiah 20:4, 47:2, 47:3 sent them 2 Samuel 10:4, 10:5; 2 Chronicles 36:16; Mark 12:4; Luke 20:10, 20:11
Verse 5 and told David Matthew 18:31 at Jericho Joshua 6:24-26; 1 Kings 16:34 your beards Judges 16:22 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 10:5 - Jericho Verse 6 had made Luke 10:16; 1 Thessalonians 4:8 odiousHeb. to stink, Genesis 34:30; Exodus 5:21; 1 Samuel 13:4, 27:12; Psalm 14:3 *marg.a thousand 2 Chronicles 16:2, 16:3, 25:6, 27:5; Psalm 46:9 Syriamaachah 2 Samuel 10:6 Zobah 2 Chronicles 18:3, 18:5, 18:9; 1 Samuel 14:47; 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23, 11:24 Reciprocal Genesis 24:10 - Mesopotamia; Acts 2:9 - Mesopotamia Verse 7 hired 1 Chronicles 18:4; Exodus 14:9; Judges 4:3; 1 Samuel 13:5; 2 Chronicles 14:9; Psalm 20:7-9 thirtyThirty-two thousand soldiers, exclusive of the thousand sent by the king of Maachah, are mentioned in the parallel passage - 2 Samuel 10:6
but of chariots or cavalry there is no mention; and the number of chariots stated here is prodigious, and beyond all credibility. But as the word raichev denotes not only a chariot, but a rider - see Isaiah 21:7
it ought most probably to be rendered here, in a collective sense, cavalry; and then the number of troops will exactly agree with the passage in Samuel. It is probable that they were a kind of auxiliary troops who were usually mounted on horses, or in chariots, but who occasionally served as foot-soldiers.the king of MaachahThis variation exists only in the translation, the original being the same in both places, melech maachah, "the king of Maachah." 2 Samuel 10:6, king MaachahMedeba Numbers 21:30; Joshua 13:9; Isaiah 15:2 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 10:8 - at the entering Verse 8 Joab 1 Chronicles 11:6, 11:10-47; 2 Samuel 23:8-39 Reciprocal 10:7 - all the host Verse 9 put the battle 1 Samuel 17:2; 2 Samuel 18:4; 2 Chronicles 13:3, 14:10; Isaiah 28:6; Jeremiah 50:42; Joel 2:5 the kings 2 Samuel 10:8; 1 Kings 20:1, 20:24 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 10:11 - General; 1 Chronicles 19:11 - and they set; 19:17 - and set Verse 10 when Joab 2 Samuel 10:9-14 battleHeb. face of the battleset against Joshua 8:22; Judges 20:42, 20:43 choiceor, young menReciprocal Psalm 118:11 - General Verse 11 AbishaiHeb. Abshai, 1 Chronicles 11:20, 18:12
The variation of אבישׁי [H52], Abishai, and אבשׁי [H52], Abshai, is simply caused by the elision of י, yood, which is by no means uncommon.and they set 19:9
Verse 12 If the Syrians Nehemiah 4:20; Ecclesiastes 4:9-12; Galatians 6:2; Philippians 1:27, 1:28
Verse 13 of good Deuteronomy 31:6, 31:7; Joshua 1:7, 10:25; 1 Samuel 4:9, 14:6-12, 17:32; 2 Samuel 10:12; Ezra 10:4; Nehemiah 4:14; Psalm 27:14; 1 Corinthians 16:13 let us behaveetc. In Samuel, "let us play the men;" but the original is the same in both places, nithchazzak.let the Lord Judges 10:15; 1 Samuel 3:18; 2 Samuel 15:26, 16:10, 16:11; Job 1:22 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 19:18 - fled before Israel; 21:3 - The Lord; Nehemiah 2:18 - So they strengthened; Psalm 60:12 - we shall Verse 14 they fled 1 Kings 20:13, 20:19-21, 20:28-30; 2 Chronicles 13:5-16; Jeremiah 46:15, 46:16 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 10:13 - they fled; 1 Chronicles 19:18 - fled before Israel Verse 15 they likewise Leviticus 26:7; Romans 8:31 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 10:13 - they fled Verse 16 am and drew Psalm 2:1; Isaiah 8:9; Micah 4:11, 4:12; Zechariah 14:1-3 riverthat is, EuphratesShophachThis variation arises from the permutation of ב, baith, and פ, pay; being written in the parallel passage שׁובך [H7731], Shobach, and here שׁופך [H7780], Shophach 2 Samuel 10:16, Shobach.Reciprocal 1 Kings 11:23 - Hadadezer; Psalm 60:1 - when he strove Verse 17 upon themInstead of alaihem, "upon them," it is in 2 Samuel 10:17 chelamah, "to Helam:" the one seems evidently to be a mistake for the other.and set 1 Chronicles 19:9; Isaiah 22:6, 22:7
Verse 18 fled before Israel 1 Chronicles 19:13, 19:14; Psalm 18:32, 33:16, 46:11 seven thousandIn the parallel passage, "the men of seven hundred chariots;" which difference probably arose from mistaking ן, noon final, which stands for 700, for ז zayin, with a dot above, which denotes 7,000, or vice versa: the great similarity of these letters might easily cause the one to be mistaken for the other.footmenIf these troops were as we have suppose, a kind of dismounted cavalry, the terms footmen and horsemen might be indifferently applied to them. 2 Samuel 10:18, horsemen
Verse 19 the servants Genesis 14:4, 14:5; Joshua 9:9-11; 2 Samuel 10:19; 1 Kings 20:1, 20:12; Psalm 18:39, 18:44; Isaiah 10:8 would 1 Chronicles 14:17; Psalm 48:3-6 Reciprocal Ezra 4:20 - toll Verse 1 am And it came 2 Samuel 11:1 after the year was expiredHeb. at the return of the year, 1 Kings 20:22, 20:26; 2 Kings 13:20 wasted Isaiah 6:11, 54:16 Rabbah Deuteronomy 3:11; 2 Samuel 12:26, 17:27; Jeremiah 49:2, 49:3; Ezekiel 21:20, 25:5; Amos 1:14 Joab smote 2 Samuel 11:16-25, 12:26-31 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 18:11 - the children Verse 2 itHeb. the weight of itand he brought 1 Chronicles 18:11; 2 Samuel 8:11, 8:12 Reciprocal 12:30 - took; Psalm 21:3 - settest Verse 3 And he 1 Chronicles 19:2-5; Psalm 21:8, 21:9 and cutInstead of wyyasar, "and he cut," the parallel passage is wyyasem, "and he put them;" which is also the reading here of seven manuscripts collated by Dr. Kennicott. Sawing asunder, etc., of human beings, have no more place in the text, than they had in David's conduct towards the Ammonites.with saws Exodus 1:14; Joshua 9:23; Judges 8:6, 8:7, 8:16, 8:17; 1 Kings 9:21 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 12:31 - and put them; 2 Chronicles 25:12 - cast them Verse 4 am there aroseor, there continued. Heb. there stood. 2 Samuel 21:15 Gezeror, Gob, Joshua 12:12, 16:3; 2 Samuel 21:18-22 Sibbechai 1 Chronicles 11:29 Sippai 2 Samuel 21:18, Saphthe giantor, RaphaReciprocal Joshua 10:33 - Gezer; 1 Samuel 17:4 - of Gath; 1 Kings 9:15 - Gezer Verse 5 Jair 2 Samuel 21:19, Jaare-oregimGoliath 1 Samuel 17:4, 21:9, 22:10; 2 Samuel 21:19 Reciprocal 1 Samuel 17:7 - the staff; 1 Chronicles 11:23 - a spear Verse 6 of great statureHeb. of measure, 2 Samuel 21:20 the son of the giantHeb. born to the giant, or RaphaReciprocal Numbers 13:32 - men of a great stature Verse 7 defiedor, reproached, 1 Samuel 17:10, 17:26, 17:36; Isaiah 37:23 Shimea 1 Chronicles 2:13, Shimma, 1 Samuel 16:9, Shammah
Verse 8 they fell Joshua 14:12; Ecclesiastes 9:11; Jeremiah 9:23; Romans 8:31 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 21:22 - four Verse 1 am Satan 2 Samuel 24:1; 1 Kings 22:20-22; Job 1:6-12, 2:1, 2:4-6; Zechariah 3:1; Matthew 4:3; Luke 22:31; John 13:2; Acts 5:3; James 1:13; Revelation 12:10 provoked David Luke 11:53; Habakkuk 3:1 Reciprocal Numbers 1:2 - Take ye the sum; 26:4 - General; Joshua 22:18 - he will be; 1 Samuel 26:19 - stirred; 1 Chronicles 7:2 - whose number; 7:7 - were reckoned; 7:40 - the number; 27:24 - began to number; 2 Chronicles 32:25 - General; Matthew 4:10 - Satan; 16:23 - Satan; John 8:44 - He was; 2 Corinthians 2:11 - General; Revelation 12:9 - and Satan Verse 2 Joab 2 Samuel 24:2-4 Beersheba Judges 20:1; 1 Samuel 3:20; 2 Samuel 3:10, 17:11, 24:15; 1 Kings 4:25; 2 Chronicles 30:5 bring 1 Chronicles 27:23, 27:24 that I may Deuteronomy 8:13-17; 2 Chronicles 32:25, 32:26; Proverbs 29:23; 2 Corinthians 12:7 Reciprocal Numbers 1:2 - Take ye the sum; 1 Kings 3:8 - cannot; 2 Corinthians 2:11 - General Verse 3 The Lord 1 Chronicles 19:13; Psalm 115:14; Proverbs 14:28; Isaiah 26:15, 48:19 why will Genesis 20:9; Exodus 32:21; Numbers 32:9, 32:10; 1 Samuel 2:24; 1 Kings 14:16 Reciprocal Genesis 20:16 - thus; Deuteronomy 1:11 - make you; Joshua 22:15 - General; 1 Samuel 17:8 - servants to Saul; 2 Samuel 24:3 - General; 2 Kings 12:7 - Why repair ye Verse 4 the king's Ecclesiastes 8:4 Wherefore Exodus 1:17; Daniel 3:18; Acts 5:29 and went 2 Samuel 24:3-8 Reciprocal 24:4 - the king's Verse 5 a thousandThe Syriac has 800,000 as in the parallel passage of Samuel. 1 Chronicles 27:23; 2 Samuel 24:9 Reciprocal Genesis 13:16 - General; Numbers 1:46 - General; Judges 20:17 - four hundred; 1 Kings 3:8 - cannot; 12:21 - an hundred; 2 Chronicles 13:3 - four hundred; Psalm 80:9 - and it Verse 6 Levi Numbers 1:47-49 Joab 2 Samuel 3:27, 11:15-21, 20:9, 20:10 Reciprocal 24:9 - eight hundred thousand; 1 Kings 3:8 - cannot; Luke 6:41 - but Verse 7 And God was displeased with this thingHeb. And it was evil in the eyes of God concerning this thing, 2 Samuel 11:27; 1 Kings 15:5 he smote 1 Chronicles 21:14; Joshua 7:1, 7:5, 7:13, 22:16-26; 2 Samuel 21:1, 21:14, 24:1 Reciprocal Genesis 38:10 - displeased; 48:17 - displeased him; Exodus 4:14 - anger; Numbers 22:34 - if it displease thee; 1 Kings 11:9 - angry Verse 8 I have sinned 2 Samuel 12:13, 24:10; Psalm 25:11, 32:5; Jeremiah 3:13; Luke 15:18, 15:19; 1 John 1:9 do away Psalm 51:1-3; Hosea 14:2; John 1:29 I have done Genesis 34:7; 1 Samuel 13:13, 26:21; 2 Samuel 13:13; 2 Chronicles 10:9 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 21:17 - Is it not I; 2 Chronicles 16:9 - Herein Verse 9 Gad 1 Chronicles 29:29; 1 Samuel 9:9; 2 Samuel 24:11 Reciprocal 1 Samuel 22:4 - in the hold; 1 Chronicles 25:5 - the king's seer; 2 Chronicles 29:25 - Gad Verse 10 offer theeHeb. stretch outchoose Joshua 24:15; Proverbs 1:29-31 that I may Numbers 20:12; 2 Samuel 12:10-12; 1 Kings 13:21, 13:22; Proverbs 3:12; Revelation 3:19 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 24:12 - I offer Verse 11 Choose theeHeb. Take to thee, Proverbs 19:20 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 24:12 - I offer; 1 Chronicles 21:18 - the angel Verse 12 three years' famineIn 2 Samuel 24:13, it is seven years; but the Septuagint has there τρια ετη [G5140], three years, as here; which is, no doubt, the true reading; the letter, zayin, seven, being mistaken for, gimmel, three. Leviticus 26:26-29; 2 Samuel 21:1, 24:13; 1 Kings 17:1; 2 Kings 8:1; Lamentations 4:9; Luke 4:25 to be destroyed Leviticus 26:17, 26:36, 26:37; Deuteronomy 28:15, 28:25, 28:51, 28:52; Jeremiah 42:16 the sword 1 Chronicles 21:16; Isaiah 66:16; Jeremiah 12:12, 47:6 even the pestilence Leviticus 26:10, 26:25; Deuteronomy 28:22, 28:27, 28:35; Psalm 91:6; Ezekiel 14:19-21 the angel 1 Chronicles 21:15, 21:16; Exodus 12:23; 2 Kings 19:35; Matthew 13:49, 13:50; Acts 12:23; Revelation 7:1-3 Now therefore 2 Samuel 24:13, 24:14 Reciprocal Exodus 30:12 - no plague; 1 Kings 8:37 - in the land famine; 1 Chronicles 21:27 - he put; 2 Chronicles 32:25 - General; Isaiah 37:36 - the angel Verse 13 I am in 2 Kings 6:15, 7:4; Esther 4:11, 4:16; John 12:27; Philippians 1:23 let me fallDavid here acted nobly: had he chosen war, his personal safety was in no danger, as there was an ordinance preventing him from going to battle; and in famine, his wealth would have secured his and his family's support; but all were equally exposed to the pestilence. Habakkuk 3:1 greator, many, Exodus 34:6, 34:7; Psalm 5:7, 51:1, 51:2, 69:13, 69:16, 86:5, 86:15, 103:8, 106:7, 130:7; Isaiah 55:7, 63:7, 63:15; Lamentations 3:32; Jonah 3:9, 4:2; Micah 7:18; Habakkuk 3:2 but let me 2 Chronicles 28:9; Proverbs 12:10; Isaiah 46:7, 47:6 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 24:14 - for his; Psalm 119:156 - are thy; James 5:11 - the Lord is Verse 14 the Lord Numbers 16:46-49; 2 Samuel 24:15 seventy Exodus 12:30; Numbers 25:9; 1 Samuel 6:19; 2 Kings 19:35 Reciprocal Exodus 30:12 - no plague; Numbers 16:49 - fourteen thousand; Joshua 22:18 - he will be; 1 Chronicles 21:7 - he smote; Acts 12:23 - the angel Verse 15 unto Jerusalem 2 Samuel 24:16; Jeremiah 7:12, 26:9, 26:18; Matthew 23:37, 23:38 repented him Genesis 6:6; Exodus 32:14; Judges 2:18, 10:16; Psalm 78:38; Jeremiah 18:7-10; Jonah 4:2 It is enough Exodus 9:28; 1 Kings 19:4; Psalm 90:13; Mark 14:41 Ornan 2 Samuel 24:18, Araunah, 2 Chronicles 3:1 Reciprocal Genesis 19:13 - Lord hath; 1 Chronicles 21:12 - the angel; 21:18 - that David; 21:27 - the Lord; Psalm 135:14 - he will repent; Ecclesiastes 5:8 - higher than they; Ezekiel 9:1 - Cause; Amos 7:3 - General; Zechariah 9:7 - a Jebusite; Mark 14:35 - and fell; 1 Corinthians 10:10 - destroyer Verse 16 saw the angel Genesis 3:24; Exodus 14:19, 14:20; Numbers 22:31; Joshua 5:13, 5:14; 2 Kings 6:17 clothed 1 Kings 21:27; 2 Kings 19:1; Psalm 35:13, 35:14; Jonah 3:6-8 fell upon Numbers 14:5, 16:22 Reciprocal Genesis 17:17 - fell; 19:13 - Lord hath; 37:34 - General; Exodus 4:24 - the Lord; Numbers 16:45 - And they; 20:6 - they fell; 22:23 - the ass saw; Judges 13:20 - fell on; 2 Samuel 24:16 - the angel; 24:17 - spake; 1 Kings 18:39 - they fell; 2 Kings 19:35 - the angel; 1 Chronicles 21:12 - the sword; 21:27 - the Lord; 21:30 - he was afraid; Ecclesiastes 5:8 - higher than they; Isaiah 37:36 - the angel; Jeremiah 6:12 - I will; Ezekiel 9:8 - that I; 11:13 - Then; Daniel 8:3 - I lifted; Matthew 17:6 - General; 26:39 - and fell; Mark 14:35 - and fell; Luke 5:12 - fell; Revelation 11:3 - clothed Verse 17 Is it not I 1 Chronicles 21:8; 2 Samuel 24:17; Psalm 51:4; Ezekiel 16:63 these sheep 1 Kings 22:17; Psalm 44:11 what have 2 Samuel 24:1 let thine Genesis 44:33; Exodus 32:32, 32:33; John 10:11, 10:12; Romans 9:3; 1 John 3:16 on my father's Exodus 20:5; 2 Samuel 12:10; Psalm 51:14; Isaiah 39:7, 39:8 that they should Joshua 22:18 Reciprocal Genesis 3:24 - a flaming; 20:4 - wilt; Joshua 5:13 - his sword; Job 2:5 - put forth; Ezekiel 11:13 - Then; Jonah 1:12 - for Verse 18 the angel 1 Chronicles 21:11; Acts 8:26-40 that David 1 Chronicles 21:15; 2 Samuel 24:18; 2 Chronicles 3:1 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 22:1 - This is the house; Ezra 2:68 - in his place Verse 19 went up 2 Kings 5:10-14; John 2:5; Acts 9:6 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 24:19 - as the Lord Verse 20 And Ornanetc. or, When Ornan turned back and saw the angel, then he, and his four sons with him, hid themselves. Judges 6:11 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 24:20 - bowed; 1 Chronicles 21:27 - he put Verse 21 bowed himself 1 Samuel 25:23; 2 Samuel 24:18-20 Reciprocal 24:20 - bowed Verse 22 GrantHeb. Give, 1 Kings 21:2 thou shalt grant 2 Samuel 24:21 that the plague Numbers 16:48, 25:8 Reciprocal Genesis 12:17 - General; 23:11 - my lord; 2 Samuel 24:22 - Let my lord Verse 23 Take it Genesis 23:4-6; 2 Samuel 24:22, 24:23; Jeremiah 32:8 the oxen 1 Samuel 6:14; 1 Kings 19:21; Isaiah 28:27, 28:28 Reciprocal Numbers 15:9 - a meat Verse 24 Nay Genesis 14:23, 23:13; Deuteronomy 16:16, 16:17; Malachi 1:12-14; Romans 12:17 for I will notIt is a maxim from heaven, "Honour the Lord with thy substance." He who has a religion that costs him nothing, has a religion that is worth nothing; nor will any man esteem the ordinances of God, if those ordinances cost him nothing. Had Araunah's noble offer been accepted, it would have been Araunah's sacrifice, not David's; nor would it have answered the end of turning away the displeasure of the Most High. It was David that sinned, not Araunah; therefore David must offer sacrifice.Reciprocal 2 Samuel 24:24 - Nay; 1 Chronicles 4:17 - Eshtemoa; 29:3 - I have; Ecclesiastes 10:19 - but Verse 25 2 Samuel 24:24, 24:25
Verse 26 built there Exodus 20:24, 20:25, 24:4, 24:5 and called 1 Samuel 7:8, 7:9; Psalm 51:15, 91:15, 99:9; Proverbs 15:8; Isaiah 65:24; Jeremiah 33:3 by fire Leviticus 9:24; Judges 6:21, 13:20; 1 Kings 18:24, 18:38; 2 Chronicles 3:1, 7:1 Reciprocal Genesis 4:4 - had; 15:17 - smoking; Leviticus 1:7 - fire; 3:1 - a sacrifice; Numbers 16:48 - General; 16:50 - General; 2 Samuel 24:25 - So the Lord; Psalm 20:3 - accept; Malachi 3:4 - as; John 4:20 - and ye Verse 27 the Lord 1 Chronicles 21:15, 21:16; 2 Samuel 24:16; Psalm 103:20; Habakkuk 1:14 he put 1 Chronicles 21:12, 21:20; Jeremiah 47:6; Ezekiel 21:30; Matthew 26:52; John 18:11 Reciprocal Numbers 16:48 - General; Joshua 5:13 - his sword; 2 Samuel 24:25 - So the Lord Verse 29 the tabernacle Exodus 40:1-38 Gibeon 1 Chronicles 16:39; 1 Kings 3:4-15; 2 Chronicles 1:3, 1:13 Reciprocal Exodus 26:1 - the tabernacle with ten curtains; Joshua 9:17 - Gibeon; Psalm 43:3 - tabernacles; Acts 7:45 - Which Verse 30 he was afraid 1 Chronicles 21:16, 13:12; Deuteronomy 10:12; 2 Samuel 6:9; Job 13:21, 21:6, 23:15; Psalm 90:11; 119:120; Jeremiah 5:22, 10:7; Habakkuk 3:1, 3:1; Revelation 1:17, 15:4 Reciprocal Joshua 5:13 - his sword