2 Samuel 19
Overview
19:1 Joab causes the king to cease his mourning;
19:9 The Israelites are earnest to bring the king back;
19:11 David sends to the priests to incite them of Judah;
19:18 Shimei is pardoned;
19:24 Mephibosheth excused;
19:32 Barzillai dismissed, and Chimham his son taken into the king's family;
19:41 The Israelites expostulate with Judah for bringing home the king without them. Verse 1 2 Samuel 18:5, 18:12, 18:14, 18:20, 18:33; Proverbs 17:25
Verse 2 victoryHeb. salvation, or, deliveranceturned Proverbs 16:15, 19:12 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 14:1 - toward Absalom Verse 3 into the city 2 Samuel 19:32, 17:24 steal Genesis 31:27 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 19:8 - for Israel; 19:41 - stolen Verse 4 covered 2 Samuel 15:30 O my sonIt is allowed by competent critics that the lamentation of David over his son, of which this forms a part, is exceedingly pathetic; and Calmet properly remarks, that the frequent repetition of the name of the deceased is common in the language of lamentation. 18:33 Reciprocal 14:1 - toward Absalom; 1 Chronicles 3:2 - Absalom; Job 9:24 - he covereth; Jeremiah 14:3 - covered; 1 Corinthians 11:4 - having Verse 5 Thou hastEvery one must admit that David's immoderate grief for his rebellious son was imprudent, and that Joab's firm and sensible reproof was necessary to arouse him to a sense of his duty to his people: but, in his manner, Joab far exceeded the bounds of that reverence which a servant owes to his master, or a subject to his prince.saved Nehemiah 9:27; Psalm 3:8, 18:47, 18:48 Reciprocal Judges 19:1 - a concubine; 2 Samuel 3:24 - What hast; 19:13 - room of Joab; 1 Kings 2:5 - Joab; Psalm 34:5 - their Verse 6 In thatetc. Heb. By loving, etcthou regardestetc. Heb. princes or servants are not to thee. then it had. 2 Samuel 3:24, 3:25; Job 34:18; Proverbs 19:9, 19:10; Acts 23:5 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 3:12 - Whose; 3:39 - too hard Verse 7 comfortably unto thyHeb. to the heart of thy, Genesis 34:3; Proverbs 19:15; Isaiah 40:1; Hosea 2:14 *marg.there Proverbs 14:28 all the evil Psalm 71:4-6, 71:9-11, 71:18-20, 129:1, 129:2 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 3:39 - too hard; 20:6 - do us; Proverbs 17:26 - to strike Verse 8 sat in the gateHow prudently and mildly David took the reproof and counsel given him! He shook off his grief, anointed his head, and washed his face, that he might not appear unto men to mourn, and then made his appearance at the gate of the city, which was the public place of resort for the hearing of causes and giving judgment, as well as a place to ratify special bargains. Thither the people flocked to congratulate him on his and their safety, and that all was well. When we are convinced of a fault, we must amend, though we are told of it by our inferiors in a way which is peculiarly painful to our natural feelings. This ancient custom still obtains in the East; for when Dr. Pococke returned from viewing the town of ancient Byblus, he says, "The sheik and the elders were sitting in the gate of the city, after the ancient manner, and I sat awhile with them." 2 Samuel 18:4, 18:24 for Israel 19:3, 18:6-8; 1 Kings 22:36; 2 Kings 14:12
Verse 9 strife Genesis 3:12, 3:13; Exodus 32:24; James 3:14-16 The king 2 Samuel 8:10; 1 Samuel 17:50, 18:5-7, 18:25, 19:5 he is fled 2 Samuel 15:14 Reciprocal 19:20 - Joseph; 19:43 - our advice; 22:44 - delivered; Ecclesiastes 4:16 - they also Verse 10 whom 2 Samuel 15:12, 15:13; Hosea 8:4 is dead 2 Samuel 18:14 speak ye not a wordHeb. are ye silent, Judges 18:9 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 15:10 - reigneth; 1 Kings 22:3 - still Verse 11 sent 2 Samuel 15:29, 15:35, 15:36; 1 Kings 2:25, 2:26, 2:35 Speak 2 Corinthians 5:20 Why are Matthew 5:16; 2 Thessalonians 3:9 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 2:4 - the men of Judah; 19:40 - all the people Verse 12 my bones 2 Samuel 5:1; Genesis 2:23; Judges 9:2; Ephesians 5:30 Reciprocal Genesis 29:14 - art my; 2 Samuel 19:42 - Because; 1 Chronicles 11:1 - Behold Verse 13 Amasa 2 Samuel 17:25; 1 Chronicles 2:16, 2:17, 12:18 God Ruth 1:17; 1 Kings 19:2 room of Joab 2 Samuel 19:5-7, 3:29, 3:30, 8:16, 18:11 Reciprocal Genesis 2:23 - bone; 29:14 - art my; Judges 9:2 - your bone; 1 Samuel 3:17 - God; 14:44 - God; 20:13 - The Lord do; 2 Samuel 3:9 - So do God; 3:39 - too hard; 5:1 - we; 20:4 - Amasa; 20:5 - So Amasa; 1 Kings 2:23 - God; 2 Kings 4:13 - to the captain; 6:31 - God do so; 1 Chronicles 11:1 - Behold Verse 14 he bowedThe measures that he pursued were the best calculated that could be adopted for accomplishing this salutary end. David appears to take no notice of their infidelity, but rather to place confidence in them, that their confidence in him might be naturally excited; and to oblige them yet farther, purposes to make Amasa general of the army, instead of Joab.even Judges 20:1; Psalm 110:2, 110:3; Acts 4:32 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 3:12 - my hand; 19:43 - our advice; 22:44 - delivered Verse 15 Gilgal Joshua 5:9; 1 Samuel 11:14, 11:15 Reciprocal Genesis 31:46 - an heap; 2 Samuel 20:2 - from Jordan Verse 16 ShimeiIt appears that Shimei was a powerful chieftain in the land; for he had here in his retinue no less than a thousand men. 2 Samuel 16:5-13; 1 Kings 2:8, 2:36-46 hasted Job 2:4; Proverbs 6:4, 6:5; Matthew 5:25 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 3:16 - Bahurim; 17:18 - Bahurim Verse 17 Ziba 2 Samuel 19:26, 19:27, 9:2, 9:10, 16:1-4 Reciprocal 9:11 - Ziba Verse 18 And thereThe LXX connecting this the with preceding verse, render, και κατευθυναν τον Ιορδανην εμπροσθεν του βασιλεως, και ελειτουργησαν την λειτουργιαν του διαβιβασαι τον βασιλεα "and they made ready Jordan before the king, and did the necessary service to bring over the king."
The Vulgate has: et irrumpentes Jordanem, ante regem transierunt vada, ut traducerent domum regis, "and breaking into Jordan, they passed the fords before the king, to bring over the king's household." Josephus says they prepared a bridge over the Jordan, to facilitate his passage.what he thought goodHeb. the good in his eyesfell down Psalm 66:3, 81:15; Revelation 3:9 Reciprocal 1 Kings 18:7 - fell on; Psalm 119:42 - have wherewith Verse 19 And said Ecclesiastes 10:4 Let not 1 Samuel 22:15; Psalm 32:2; Romans 4:6-8; 2 Corinthians 5:19 remember Psalm 79:8; Isaiah 43:25; Jeremiah 31:34 did perversely 2 Samuel 16:5-9, 16:10-14; Exodus 10:16, 10:17; 1 Samuel 26:21; Matthew 27:4 take it 2 Samuel 13:20, 13:33; 1 Samuel 25:25 Reciprocal Numbers 12:11 - lay not; Psalm 55:3 - for they; Proverbs 19:6 - will; Ecclesiastes 7:21 - take no heed; James 5:16 - Confess Verse 20 I am come Psalm 78:34-37; Jeremiah 22:23; Hosea 5:15 Joseph 2 Samuel 19:9, 16:5; Genesis 48:14, 48:20; 1 Kings 12:20, 12:25; Hosea 4:15-17, 5:3 Reciprocal Exodus 10:16 - I have; 1 Kings 11:28 - the house; Amos 5:6 - the house; Obadiah 1:18 - the house of Joseph Verse 21 Shall not Exodus 22:28; 1 Kings 21:10, 21:11 cursed 2 Samuel 16:5, 16:7, 16:13; 1 Samuel 24:6, 26:9 Reciprocal 1 Chronicles 18:12 - Moreover; Job 31:31 - the men; 34:17 - wilt; Lamentations 4:20 - the anointed; James 3:9 - therewith curse Verse 22 What have 2 Samuel 3:39, 16:10; 1 Samuel 26:8; Matthew 8:29 shall there any man 1 Samuel 11:13; Isaiah 16:5; Luke 9:54-56 Reciprocal 1 Kings 17:18 - What have I; 1 Chronicles 2:16 - the sons of; 18:12 - Moreover; Job 2:10 - Thou speakest; 31:31 - the men; Jeremiah 38:5 - for; Matthew 16:23 - Satan; Mark 8:33 - he rebuked; Luke 9:55 - and rebuked; John 2:4 - what Verse 23 Thou shalt 1 Kings 2:8, 2:9, 2:37, 2:46 sware 1 Samuel 28:10, 30:15; Habakkuk 3:1 Reciprocal 2 Kings 25:24 - sware to them Verse 24 Mephibosheth 2 Samuel 9:6, 16:3 dressed his feetLiterally, made his feet, which seems to mean washing the feet paring the nails, and perhaps anointing or otherwise perfuming them, if not tinging the nails with henna; see note on Deuteronomy 21:12. Sir John Chardin, in his manuscript note on this place, informs us, that it is customary in the East to have as much care of the feet as the hands; and that their barbers cut and adjust the nails with a proper instrument, because they often go barefoot. The nails of the toes of the mummies inspected in London in 1763, of which an account is given in the Philosophical Transactions for 1764, seem to have been tinged with some reddish colour. 2 Samuel 15:30; Isaiah 15:2; Jeremiah 41:5; Matthew 6:16; Romans 12:15; Habakkuk 3:1 trimmedLiterally, made his beard, which may mean, combing, curling, and perfuming it. But Mr. Morier says that they almost universally dye the beard black, by successive layers of a paste made of henna, and another made of the leaf of the indigo: the first tinging with an orange colour, and the next with a dark bottle green, which becomes jet black when exposed to the air for twenty-four hours.Reciprocal Genesis 28:21 - I come; 41:14 - he shaved; Exodus 33:4 - and no; 1 Chronicles 8:34 - Meribbaal; Proverbs 18:13 - that; 18:17 - General; 27:10 - own; Ecclesiastes 9:8 - thy garments; Daniel 6:18 - and passed; 10:3 - neither did Verse 25 Wherefore 2 Samuel 16:17 Reciprocal 21:7 - Mephibosheth Verse 26 I will saddle 2 Samuel 16:2, 16:3 thy servant 4:4 Reciprocal 9:3 - yet a son; 9:11 - According; 19:17 - Ziba; 1 Kings 13:13 - General; Proverbs 30:10 - Accuse not Verse 27 slandered 2 Samuel 16:3; Exodus 20:16; Psalm 15:3, 101:5; Jeremiah 9:4 as an angel 2 Samuel 14:17, 14:20; 1 Samuel 29:9 Reciprocal Exodus 23:1 - shalt not; 2 Samuel 9:2 - was Ziba; 19:17 - Ziba; Proverbs 30:10 - Accuse not; Galatians 4:14 - an angel; Ephesians 4:31 - evil speaking Verse 28 were Genesis 32:10 dead menHeb. men of death, 1 Samuel 26:16 didst thou 2 Samuel 9:7, 9:8, 9:10, 9:13 to cry 2 Kings 8:3 Reciprocal Ruth 2:10 - Why have; 1 Samuel 20:31 - shall surely die; 1 Kings 2:7 - eat; Job 2:10 - shall we receive; Proverbs 27:10 - own; Luke 22:30 - eat Verse 29 Why speakest Job 19:16, 19:17; Proverbs 18:13; Acts 18:15 Thou Deuteronomy 19:17-19; Psalm 82:2, 101:5 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 9:9 - I have given Verse 30 Yea 2 Samuel 1:26; Acts 20:24; Philippians 1:20 Reciprocal Genesis 28:21 - I come; Judges 11:36 - forasmuch; Proverbs 18:24 - that hath; Luke 6:29 - and him Verse 31 1 Kings 2:7; Ezra 2:61; Nehemiah 7:63 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 17:27 - Barzillai Verse 32 fourscore Genesis 5:27, 9:29, 25:7, 47:28, 50:26; Deuteronomy 34:7; Psalm 90:3-10; Proverbs 16:31 provided 2 Samuel 17:27 for he was 1 Samuel 25:2; Job 1:3 Reciprocal Genesis 47:9 - have not; Joshua 21:38 - Mahanaim; 1 Samuel 9:1 - power; 2 Samuel 16:1 - with a couple; 19:3 - into the city; 2 Kings 4:8 - a great woman; 4:13 - to the king; 15:20 - the mighty; 1 Chronicles 6:80 - Mahanaim; Daniel 2:48 - a great; Matthew 25:17 - he also Verse 33 Come thou 2 Samuel 9:11; Matthew 25:34-40; Luke 22:28-30; 2 Thessalonians 1:7 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 9:7 - eat bread Verse 34 How long have I to liveHeb. How many days are the years of my life, Genesis 47:9; Job 14:14; Psalm 39:5, 39:6; 1 Corinthians 7:29; James 4:14
Verse 35 can I discern Job 6:30, 12:11; Habakkuk 3:1; 1 Peter 2:3 taste Ecclesiastes 12:1-5 I hear Ezra 2:65; Nehemiah 7:67; Exodus 2:8, 12:4 a burden 2 Samuel 13:25, 15:33 Reciprocal Psalm 71:9 - when; 90:10 - yet; Ecclesiastes 2:8 - men singers; 12:4 - all; Luke 7:25 - are in Verse 36 the king Luke 6:38
Verse 37 Let thyThe whole of this little episode is extremely interesting, and contains an affecting description of the infirmities of old age. The venerable and kind Barzillai was fourscore years old; his ear was become dull of hearing, and his relish for even royal dainties was gone: the evil days had arrived in which he was constrained to say, "I have no pleasure in them" - Ecclesiastes 12:1. As he was too old either to enjoy the pleasures of a court, or to be of any further service to the king, he finishes his affecting address to the aged monarch with the request, that he would suffer him to enjoy what old men naturally desire, to "die in mine own city, and be buried by the grave of my father and mother;" at the same time commending his son Chimham to his kind offices.I may die Genesis 48:21; Joshua 23:14; Luke 2:29, 2:30; 2 Timothy 4:6; 2 Peter 1:14 by the grave Genesis 47:30, 49:29-31, 50:13; 1 Kings 13:22 Chimham 2 Samuel 19:40; 1 Kings 2:7; Jeremiah 41:17 Reciprocal 1 Kings 4:5 - the king's; Philemon 1:10 - my son Verse 38 requireHeb. choose, 2 Samuel 19:38 Reciprocal 1 Kings 4:5 - the king's; Jeremiah 41:17 - Chimham; Philemon 1:10 - my son Verse 39 the kingThe kiss was the token of friendship and farewell; the blessing was a prayer to God for his prosperity: probably a prophetical benediction.kissed Barzillai Genesis 31:55, 45:15; Ruth 1:14; 1 Kings 19:20; Acts 20:37; 1 Thessalonians 5:26 blessed 2 Samuel 6:18, 6:20, 13:25; Genesis 14:19, 28:3, 47:7, 47:10; Luke 2:34 returned Genesis 31:55; Numbers 24:25; 1 Samuel 24:22 Reciprocal Genesis 29:13 - kissed; Exodus 18:23 - and all this; 1 Samuel 10:1 - kissed him; 20:41 - and they kissed; 2 Samuel 14:22 - thanked; Luke 7:45 - gavest Verse 40 ChimhamHeb. Chimhanall the people 2 Samuel 19:11-15; Genesis 49:10; Matthew 21:9 Reciprocal Genesis 31:46 - an heap; 2 Samuel 19:37 - Chimham; 20:2 - from Jordan Verse 41 Why have Judges 8:1, 12:1; John 7:5, 7:6 stolen 2 Samuel 19:3; Genesis 31:26, 31:27 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 3:12 - my hand; 18:7 - the people; 20:1 - And there; 20:2 - every man; Proverbs 17:14 - beginning; 26:4 - General; Ecclesiastes 10:13 - beginning Verse 42 Because 2 Samuel 19:12, 5:1; 1 Chronicles 2:3-17 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 2:4 - the men of Judah; 1 Chronicles 12:39 - eating and drinking Verse 43 We have 2 Samuel 20:1, 20:6; 1 Kings 12:16 ten parts 2 Samuel 5:1; Proverbs 13:10 despise usHeb. set us at lightour advice 2 Samuel 19:9, 19:14; Galatians 5:20, 5:26; Philippians 2:3 the words Judges 8:1, 9:23, 12:1-6; Proverbs 15:1, 17:14, 18:19; Romans 12:21; Galatians 5:15, 5:20; James 1:20, 3:2-10, 3:14-16, 4:1-5
Whatever value or respect the men of Israel at this time professed for their king, they would not have quarrelled so fiercely about their own credit and interest in recalling him, if they had been truly sorry for their former rebellion.Reciprocal 1 Kings 12:13 - answered; 2 Chronicles 25:10 - great anger; Proverbs 15:18 - wrathful; Ecclesiastes 7:9 - hasty; Ephesians 4:31 - clamour; James 3:6 - the tongue