2 Chronicles 23
Overview
23:1 Jehoiada, having set things in order, makes Joash king;
23:12 Athaliah is slain;
23:16 Jehoiada restores the worship of God. Verse 1 seventh year 2 Kings 11:4-16 covenant with him 2 Chronicles 15:12; 1 Samuel 18:3; Nehemiah 9:38 Reciprocal Numbers 4:3 - enter; 2 Kings 12:7 - Jehoiada; 1 Chronicles 2:38 - Azariah; 25:1 - the captains; 2 Chronicles 22:11 - Jehoiada; 24:16 - because; 32:5 - he strengthened Verse 2 went about Psalm 112:5; Matthew 10:16; Ephesians 5:15 the chief ofHoubigant omits the words of Israel. Bp. Patrick, however, is of the opinion that Judah is here called by the general name of Israel, but it is probable, that these "chief fathers of Israel," were the descendants of those priests and Levites, and other pious persons of the ten tribes, who left their cities and possessions, and joined themselves to Judah, in the days of Jeroboam. See the parallel passages. 2 Chronicles 11:13-17; 1 Chronicles 15:12, 24:6 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 21:2 - Israel Verse 3 made a covenant 2 Chronicles 23:16; 2 Samuel 5:3; 2 Kings 11:17; 1 Chronicles 11:3 as the Lord 2 Chronicles 6:16, 7:18, 21:7; 2 Samuel 7:12, 7:16; 1 Kings 2:4, 9:5; 1 Chronicles 9:9-27; Psalm 89:29, 89:36 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 22:1 - the inhabitants Verse 4 entering 1 Chronicles 23:3-6, 24:3-6; Luke 1:8, 1:9 porters 1 Chronicles 26:13-16 doorsHeb. thresholdsReciprocal 2 Kings 11:6 - the gate of Sur; 1 Chronicles 9:19 - over the host; 24:19 - the orderings; 2 Chronicles 8:14 - the courses; Ecclesiastes 10:10 - wisdom; Acts 4:1 - the captain Verse 5 the king's house 2 Kings 11:5, 11:6; Ezekiel 44:2, 44:3, 46:2, 46:3 the gate Acts 3:2 Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:19 - by the way; Psalm 92:3 - instrument Verse 6 they that minister 2 Kings 11:6, 11:7; 1 Chronicles 23:28-32 Reciprocal Deuteronomy 33:8 - with thy; Nehemiah 12:45 - the ward Verse 7 the Levites 2 Kings 11:8, 11:9 whosoever Exodus 19:12, 19:13, 21:14; Numbers 3:10, 3:38
Verse 8 the Levites 2 Kings 11:9 the courses 1 Chronicles 24:1-26:32 Reciprocal 9:25 - seven; 24:19 - the orderings; 2 Chronicles 31:2 - the courses; 35:2 - charges Verse 9 spears 1 Samuel 21:9; 2 Samuel 8:7 which were in the houseWhen the soldier retired from the tumults of war to the bosom of his family, he frequently hung up his arms in the temple, as a grateful acknowledgment of the protection he had received, and of the victories he had won. It is highly probable, therefore, that the arms of David which Jehoiada delivered to the captains of hundreds, "which were in the house of God," were laid up in the tabernacle by David when he resigned the command of his armies to his generals; and there is reason to believe that his conduct, in this respect, was followed by many of his companions in arms.Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:10 - king David's spears; 11:15 - captains; 1 Chronicles 25:1 - the captains Verse 10 side of the templeHeb. shoulder of the house, 2 Kings 11:11 along by 2 Chronicles 6:12; Exodus 40:6 Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:10 - king David's spears; Joel 2:8 - sword Verse 11 They brought 2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 Kings 11:12 put upon 2 Samuel 1:10; Psalm 21:3, 89:39, 132:18; Habakkuk 2:9; James 1:12, 2:5; Revelation 4:4, 4:10; 5:10, 19:12 the testimony Exodus 25:16, 31:18; Deuteronomy 17:18-20; Psalm 2:10-12, 78:5; Isaiah 8:16, 8:20, 49:23 anointed him 1 Samuel 10:1; 2 Samuel 5:3; 1 Kings 1:39; Psalm 89:20; Acts 4:26, 4:27 God save the kingHeb. Let the king live, 1 Samuel 10:24; 2 Samuel 16:16; 1 Kings 1:34; Matthew 21:9 Reciprocal 1 Kings 1:25 - God save king Adonijah; 2 Chronicles 24:20 - the son Verse 12 Now when 2 Kings 11:13-16 she came 9:32-37
Verse 13 she looked Psalm 14:5 the king 2 Chronicles 34:31; 2 Kings 23:3 and the princes Numbers 10:1-10; 1 Chronicles 15:24 all the people 1 Kings 1:39, 1:40; 1 Chronicles 12:40; Proverbs 11:10, 29:2 sounded Judges 7:8, 7:18-22; 2 Kings 9:13 the singers 1 Chronicles 15:16-22, 15:27, 25:1-8 Then Athaliah Ecclesiastes 9:12 TreasonHeb. Conspiracy, 1 Kings 18:17, 18:18; 2 Kings 9:23; Romans 2:1, 2:2 Reciprocal 1 Kings 10:5 - cupbearers; 1 Chronicles 25:8 - the teacher; 2 Chronicles 9:4 - ascent; Ezekiel 44:3 - for; 46:2 - by the post Verse 14 Have her forthThe Vulgate has here, and in the parallel place, Educite illam extra septa templi, "Take her out beyond the precincts of the temple." These were walls erected in parallel lines, and forming an extensive range of buildings around the sacred edifice. Exodus 21:14 whoso followeth herHe who takes her part let him be instantly slain. 2 Kings 10:25, 11:8, 11:15 Slay her not Ezekiel 9:7
Verse 15 the horse gateThis gate was in the eastern wall of the city, towards the brook Kidron - Jeremiah 31:40
at which the king's horses probably went out from the stables at Millo. It was near the temple; and some Rabbins suppose that, in order to go to the temple, a person might go on horseback to this place, but was then obliged to alight. Nehemiah 3:28 they slew her there 2 Chronicles 22:10; Judges 1:7; Psalm 5:6, 55:23; Matthew 7:2; James 2:13; Revelation 16:5-7 Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:16 - by the which Verse 16 made a covenant 2 Chronicles 15:12, 15:14, 29:10, 34:31, 34:32; Deuteronomy 5:2, 5:3, 29:1-15; 2 Kings 11:17; Ezra 10:3; Nehemiah 5:12, 5:13, 9:38, 10:29-39 that they should Deuteronomy 26:17-19; Joshua 24:21-25; Isaiah 44:5 Reciprocal Deuteronomy 29:10 - General; Joshua 24:25 - made; 2 Samuel 5:3 - made; 2 Kings 23:3 - made a covenant; 2 Chronicles 15:15 - rejoiced; 23:3 - made a covenant; Jeremiah 11:2 - General; 34:8 - had Verse 17 the house of Baal 2 Chronicles 34:4, 34:7; 2 Kings 10:25-28, 11:18, 18:4 brake his altars Deuteronomy 12:3; Isaiah 2:18; Zechariah 13:2, 13:3 slew Mattan Deuteronomy 13:5, 13:9; 1 Kings 18:40; 2 Kings 11:18, 11:19 Reciprocal Leviticus 26:30 - I will destroy; 2 Chronicles 31:1 - brake Verse 18 whom David 1 Chronicles 23:1-24:31 as it is written Numbers 28:1-31 by DavidHeb. by the hands of David, 2 Chronicles 29:25; 1 Chronicles 25:1-31 Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:18 - appointed; 2 Chronicles 29:27 - the song; 35:2 - charges Verse 19 porters 1 Chronicles 9:23, 9:24, 26:1-32 Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:19 - by the way Verse 20 the captains 2 Kings 11:9, 11:10, 11:19 Reciprocal Exodus 24:11 - nobles; 2 Chronicles 27:3 - high gate Verse 21 2 Kings 11:20; Psalm 58:10, 58:11; Proverbs 11:10; Revelation 18:20, 19:1-4 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 21:20 - without being desired Verse 1 am JoashJoash, יואשׁ [H3101], or יאשׁ [H3101], is merely an abbreviation of Jehoash, יהואשׁ [H3060], by the elision of ה, hay, and here also of ו, wav. 2 Kings 11:21, 12:1, Jehoash, 1 Chronicles 3:11 seven years oldAs Joash was hidden six years in the temple, and was but seven when he came to the throne, he could have been but one year old when secreted by his aunt.Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 34:1 - eight years Verse 2 am Joash 2 Chronicles 25:2, 26:4, 26:5; 2 Kings 12:2; Psalm 78:36, 78:37, 106:12, 106:13; Mark 4:16, 4:17 all the days of Jehoiada 2 Chronicles 24:17-22; Isaiah 29:13 Reciprocal Joshua 24:31 - served; Judges 2:7 - the people; 2 Kings 14:3 - he did according; 2 Chronicles 24:14 - all the days; Ezekiel 3:20 - When; 18:24 - when; Matthew 13:20 - anon; Mark 6:20 - feared Verse 3 took for himNot for himself, as the Jewish expositors suppose, but for Joash; for Jehoiada's advanced age renders it highly improbable that he should take them for himself. He was born in the reign of Solomon, and lived through six successive reigns; and must, on any computation, have been upwards of 100 years old when Joash began to reign. 2 Chronicles 24:15; Genesis 21:21, 24:4 two wives 4:19; Matthew 19:4-8
Verse 4 am repairHeb. renew, 2 Chronicles 24:5-7 Reciprocal 24:18 - And they left Verse 5 gather of all Israel 2 Chronicles 29:3, 34:8, 34:9; 2 Kings 12:4, 12:5 Howbeit 12:6, 12:7 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 21:2 - Israel; 24:4 - repair; Nehemiah 10:33 - all the work Verse 6 Why hast thou 2 Samuel 24:3 the collectionThis was the poll-tax fixed by Moses, of half a shekel, which was levied on every man of twenty years old and upwards, as "a ransom for their souls, that there might be no plague among them." Exodus 30:12-16 tabernacle Numbers 1:50, 17:7, 17:8, 18:2; Acts 7:44 Reciprocal Exodus 38:21 - tabernacle of testimony; 2 Kings 12:7 - king Jehoash; 2 Chronicles 24:9 - collection; Matthew 13:20 - anon; 2 Timothy 2:24 - the servant; Revelation 15:3 - the servant Verse 7 the sons of AthaliahAs Jehoram's sons, Ahaziah excepted, whether by Athaliah or any other, were all slain before his death - 2 Chronicles 22:1
this spoilation of the temple must have taken place in his life-time. 21:17 that wicked 28:22-24; Esther 7:6; Proverbs 10:7; 2 Thessalonians 2:8; Revelation 2:20 the dedicated 2 Kings 12:4 did they bestow Deuteronomy 32:15-17; Ezekiel 16:17-21; Daniel 5:2-4, 5:23; Hosea 2:8, 2:9, 2:13 Reciprocal 2 Kings 11:1 - Athaliah; 12:5 - let them repair; 22:5 - to repair Verse 8 at the king's 2 Kings 12:8, 12:9; Mark 12:41 Reciprocal 2 Kings 22:4 - sum the silver Verse 9 proclamationHeb. voicecollection 2 Chronicles 24:6; Matthew 17:24-27 Reciprocal Exodus 35:22 - every man; 2 Kings 12:4 - even the money; 2 Chronicles 30:5 - to make proclamation; 36:22 - a proclamation Verse 10 rejoiced 1 Chronicles 29:9; Isaiah 64:5; Acts 2:45-47; 2 Corinthians 8:2, 9:7 Reciprocal 2 Kings 12:4 - even the money; 12:9 - beside; 2 Chronicles 31:5 - as soon; Mark 12:44 - cast in of Verse 11 at what time 2 Kings 12:10-12 the king's scribeIt was necessary to associate with the high priest some civil authority and activity, in order to get the neglected work performed.Thus they did 1 Corinthians 16:2 Reciprocal 2 Kings 12:11 - gave the money; 2 Chronicles 31:5 - as soon; 34:9 - they delivered; Ecclesiastes 10:19 - but Verse 12 gave it to such 2 Chronicles 34:9-11 masons 1 Kings 5:15 Reciprocal 2 Kings 12:11 - gave the money; 22:5 - to repair; Ezra 3:7 - gave money Verse 13 the work was perfected by themHeb. the healing went up upon the work by their hand, Nehemiah 4:7 they setetc. That is, "they restored it to its former proper state."in his state 1 Chronicles 22:5; Haggai 2:3; Mark 13:1, 13:2 Reciprocal Exodus 36:4 - General; 2 Kings 22:5 - to repair; 2 Chronicles 24:27 - repairing; Ezra 3:7 - gave money Verse 14 vessels 2 Kings 12:13, 12:14 vessels to minister 1 Kings 7:50 to offer withalor, pestils, Proverbs 27:22 And they offeredIt appears from this, that the daily morning and evening sacrifices had been previously intermitted; and that they were again neglected after the death of Jehoiada. Exodus 29:38-42; Numbers 28:2-29:40 all the days 2 Chronicles 24:2 Reciprocal Exodus 36:5 - General; Numbers 7:14 - spoon; Judges 2:7 - the people; 2 Kings 22:7 - Howbeit; 25:14 - the pots; 25:15 - and such things; Ezra 1:9 - chargers of gold; 8:28 - the vessels; Jeremiah 52:18 - the spoons; Matthew 13:20 - anon Verse 15 am and was full of daysWyyisba yammim, "satiated with days;" which seems to be a metaphor taken from a guest regaled by a plentiful banquet, used to express the termination of life without reluctance. Genesis 15:15, 25:8; 1 Chronicles 23:1; Job 5:26; Psalm 91:16 an hundred Genesis 47:9; Psalm 90:10 Reciprocal 2 Chronicles 24:3 - took for him; Mark 6:20 - feared Verse 16 in the city 1 Samuel 2:30; 1 Kings 2:10; Acts 2:29 because 2 Chronicles 23:1-21, 31:20; Nehemiah 13:14; Habakkuk 3:1 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 5:7 - the same; 2 Kings 12:7 - Jehoiada; 13:20 - buried him; 21:18 - and was buried; 2 Chronicles 21:2 - Israel; 24:25 - not; Proverbs 10:7 - memory; Isaiah 14:18 - all of; Mark 6:29 - they came; 1 Timothy 6:18 - they do Verse 17 am Now after Deuteronomy 31:27; Acts 20:29, 20:30; 2 Peter 1:15 the princes of Judah 2 Chronicles 10:8-10, 22:3, 22:4; Proverbs 7:21-23, 20:19, 26:8, 26:28, 29:5; Daniel 11:32 Then the king Proverbs 29:12 Reciprocal Genesis 43:28 - made obeisance; Joshua 24:31 - served; Judges 2:19 - when the; 8:33 - as soon; 2 Kings 12:2 - General; 14:3 - he did according; 2 Chronicles 24:2 - all the days of Jehoiada; 24:23 - princes; Nehemiah 13:6 - But; Isaiah 1:23 - princes; Ezekiel 3:20 - When; 18:24 - when; Hosea 4:10 - left; Luke 3:20 - General; 11:25 - he findeth Verse 18 And they left 2 Chronicles 24:4, 21:13, 33:3-7; 1 Kings 11:4, 11:5, 14:9, 14:23 wrath 2 Chronicles 19:2, 28:13, 29:8, 32:25, 36:14-16; Joshua 22:20; Judges 5:8; 2 Samuel 24:1; Hosea 5:10, 5:11, 5:14; Zephaniah 1:4-6; Ephesians 5:6 Reciprocal Joshua 7:1 - committed; 24:31 - served; Judges 2:19 - when the; 3:7 - the groves; 8:33 - as soon; 2 Chronicles 22:4 - they were his; 24:23 - princes; 36:15 - the Lord; Nehemiah 13:6 - But; Jeremiah 17:2 - their altars Verse 19 Yet he sent 2 Chronicles 36:15, 36:16; 2 Kings 17:13-15; Nehemiah 9:26; Jeremiah 7:25, 7:26, 25:4, 25:5, 26:5, 44:4, 44:5; Luke 11:47-51, 16:31, 20:9-15 but they would Psalm 95:7, 95:8; Isaiah 28:23, 42:23, 51:4, 55:3; Matthew 13:9, 13:15, 13:16 Reciprocal Nehemiah 9:29 - testifiedst; 13:15 - I testified; Isaiah 30:10 - say; Jeremiah 42:19 - admonished you; Amos 3:13 - and testify; Zechariah 1:4 - unto; Mark 12:3 - they; Luke 20:10 - beat; Acts 7:52 - Which of Verse 20 And the Spirit 2 Chronicles 15:1, 20:14 came uponHeb. clothed, Judges 6:34; 1 Chronicles 12:18 the son 2 Chronicles 23:11 transgress Numbers 14:41; 1 Samuel 13:13, 13:14; 2 Samuel 12:9, 12:10; Zechariah 7:11-14 because 2 Chronicles 15:2; Deuteronomy 29:25, 29:26; 1 Chronicles 28:9; Jeremiah 2:19, 4:18, 5:19, 5:25 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 12:13 - David; 2 Chronicles 13:12 - ye shall not; 25:15 - Why hast thou sought; Nehemiah 9:26 - slew; Proverbs 5:12 - and my; 9:7 - General; Ecclesiastes 4:13 - will no more be; Isaiah 2:6 - Therefore; Jeremiah 19:14 - he stood; 26:2 - Stand; 32:5 - though; Amos 5:10 - hate; Matthew 5:12 - for so; 23:35 - unto; Luke 4:28 - were; 11:51 - Zacharias; John 10:32 - for; Galatians 4:16 - become; 2 Timothy 4:3 - they will; 1 John 3:4 - transgresseth Verse 21 conspired Jeremiah 11:19, 18:18, 38:4-6 stoned him Matthew 21:35, 23:34-37; Acts 7:58, 7:59 Reciprocal Deuteronomy 13:10 - stone him; 1 Samuel 22:18 - he fell; 1 Kings 12:18 - all Israel; 21:11 - did as Jezebel; 2 Chronicles 10:18 - stoned him; 24:25 - for the blood; 25:16 - Art thou made; 36:17 - in the house; Nehemiah 9:26 - slew; Proverbs 25:26 - General; 28:17 - General; Ecclesiastes 7:15 - there is a just; Jeremiah 2:30 - your own sword; 19:14 - he stood; 20:2 - smote; 26:2 - Stand; Matthew 23:37 - thou; Luke 4:28 - were; 13:34 - killest; Habakkuk 3:1 - stoned Verse 22 remembered Psalm 109:4; Luke 17:15-18; John 10:32 but slew his son Proverbs 17:13 The LordThese words were prophetic, and not imprecatory; and should be rendered as Houbigant proposes, in the future tense: "The Lord will look upon it, and avenge it." The event soon verified this prediction; for, before the year was expired, the Syrians came up against Jerusalem, and destroyed all the princes of the people, and Joash himself was slain in his bed by his own servants. Many circumstances served to aggravate this barbarous act. Zechariah was a high-priest and a prophet, upright and unblameable in the discharge of his high offices; this murder was perpetrated within the very precincts of the courts of the Lord; and this truly good man was by blood the nearest relative of Joash, and the son of the man who had save him from being murdered, and raised him to the throne! Genesis 9:5; Jeremiah 11:20, 26:14, 26:15; Luke 11:51; 2 Timothy 4:14, 4:16; Revelation 6:9-11; 18:20, 19:2 and require it Psalm 10:14; Jeremiah 51:56 Reciprocal Genesis 16:5 - the Lord; 42:22 - his blood; Exodus 20:13 - General; Joshua 22:23 - let the Lord; 1 Samuel 24:15 - be judge; 2 Chronicles 24:25 - for the blood; Psalm 10:13 - Thou; Proverbs 25:26 - General; 27:10 - own; 30:10 - lest; Ecclesiastes 7:15 - there is a just; Jeremiah 20:12 - let me; Matthew 21:35 - General; 23:37 - thou; Luke 13:34 - killest Verse 23 am at the endHeb. in the revolution, 1 Kings 20:22, 20:26 the host Deuteronomy 32:35; 2 Kings 12:17, 12:18 princes 2 Chronicles 24:17, 24:18; Psalm 2:10, 2:11, 58:10, 58:11, 82:6, 82:7 DamascusHeb. Darmesek
Verse 24 came Leviticus 26:8, 26:37; Deuteronomy 32:30; Isaiah 30:17; Jeremiah 37:10 delivered 2 Chronicles 16:8, 16:9, 20:11, 20:12; Leviticus 26:25; Deuteronomy 28:25, 28:48 So 2 Chronicles 22:8; Isaiah 10:5, 10:6, 13:5; Habakkuk 1:12 Reciprocal 2 Kings 12:17 - to Jerusalem; 12:20 - his servants; 24:3 - Surely; 2 Chronicles 28:5 - delivered him; Ecclesiastes 5:17 - much Verse 25 great diseases 2 Chronicles 21:16, 21:18, 21:19, 22:6 his own servants 2 Kings 12:20, 14:19, 14:20 for the blood 2 Chronicles 24:21, 24:22; Psalm 10:14; Revelation 16:6 the sons of JehoiadaHoubigant reads, "the sons of Jehoiada;" but perhaps Joash slew some other sons of Jehoiada.not 2 Chronicles 24:16, 21:20, 28:27 Reciprocal 2 Samuel 4:5 - went; 2 Kings 9:26 - of his sons; 21:18 - and was buried; 2 Chronicles 25:3 - he slew; 25:27 - made; 33:24 - General; Ecclesiastes 5:17 - much; Isaiah 14:18 - all of Verse 26 Zabador, Jozachar, 2 Kings 12:21 Shimrithor, ShomerReciprocal 2 Chronicles 25:3 - he slew; 33:24 - General Verse 27 burdens 2 Kings 12:18 repairingHeb. founding, 2 Chronicles 24:13 storyor, commentary, 9:29, 16:11, 20:34 Amaziah 25:1; 2 Kings 12:21; 1 Chronicles 3:12 Reciprocal 2 Kings 22:5 - to repair; 2 Chronicles 35:27 - deeds